FAQ's + Information
What are the side effects of drinking chlorinated mains water?
While chlorine is a vital component of municipal water treatment to prevent waterborne diseases, it isn't without its issues. When chlorine reacts with naturally occurring organic compounds in water, it can create unhealthy disinfection by-products (DBPs), such as trihalomethanes (THMs). These compounds have been linked to health concerns due to their carcinogenic potential. To ensure the healthiest water, it's best to remove chlorine at the point of use with a home water filter or purifier.
Why, if chlorine is unhealthy, is it added to our drinking water?
Money. Chlorine is used because it's the most cost-effective method of disinfection. While it has adverse health effects, it effectively prevents widespread outbreaks of diseases like typhoid and cholera. Advanced water purification methods like ozonation or ultraviolet sterilization are healthier alternatives, but they are significantly more expensive to implement on a city-wide scale. Since only a small percentage of water is used for consumption, the most practical and affordable solution is to use an in-home filtration system to remove chlorine and other chemicals from your drinking water.
What level of chlorine in tap water is acceptable for drinking?
None! Chlorine is necessary to kill bacteria in the water supply lines, but it should be removed before consumption. A quality water filter can easily and affordably eliminate chlorine, allowing you to improve taste and have peace of mind.
What water filter cartridges are available and what are their different applications?
What is the difference between a nominal and an absolute water filter cartridge? These are just different rating scales. A nominal filter (e.g., 5 microns) is guaranteed to remove at least 85% of particles of that size or larger, while an absolute filter is guaranteed to trap 99.9% of those particles. For most home use, nominal filtration is sufficient, but an absolute-rated filter might be needed to remove bacteria and other microorganisms like giardia and cryptosporidium.
What is the function of a sediment filter?
This type of water filter strains out particles like rust, silt, and sand. Sediment filters don't remove chemicals but are typically used as a pre-filter to protect more advanced carbon filters.
Why are ceramic water filters said to be one of the best types of sediment filters?
Ceramic filters are extremely fine and can effectively remove bacteria and other pathogens. They work by physically straining out microorganisms.
What is the difference between a granular activated carbon filter (GAC) and a carbon block filter?
GAC filters are made of loose carbon granules, while carbon block filters are pressed into a solid structure. Carbon block filters are generally more effective because their dense structure prevents water from "channeling," ensuring more thorough contact with the carbon to remove chlorine and other chemicals.
What is a gravity water filter?
This water filter works without water pressure. You pour water into an upper chamber, and gravity pulls it through the filter media into a lower collection vessel.
What does CTO stand for?
Chlorine, Taste, Odor. Filter manufacturers use this designation for filters that primarily improve the aesthetics of water, though they often do more.
How do you know if you need a water purification or filter system?
The only way to know for sure what's in your tap water is to have it tested. However, all municipal water in Australia contains chlorine and, in some areas, fluoride. Chlorine's primary purpose is to kill living organisms, and its consumption has been linked to various health issues. Even if your water smells and tastes fine, it can contain invisible contaminants. A high-quality home water filtration system is the only way to ensure truly healthy drinking water by removing both visible and invisible contaminants. Reverse osmosis is particularly effective at heavy metals removal and targeting microscopic pollutants, including forever chemicals.
What does it entail to ozonate, use reverse osmosis, or distill water?
What is a reverse osmosis membrane water purification system? Reverse osmosis (RO) is a process that purifies water using a semi-permeable membrane and high pressure. The pressure forces water molecules through the membrane while leaving most dissolved impurities and minerals behind. An RO system acts like an extremely fine filter, making it a powerful method for water purification. It's highly effective at heavy metals removal and even removing forever chemicals.
What does it entail to ozonate the water?
Ozonation uses ozone (O3) to oxidize and destroy viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms. It's a highly effective disinfection method that leaves no traces behind, as the ozone quickly converts back to oxygen.
Which is the best, filtered, distilled, or reverse osmosis water?
The best water you can drink is generally considered to be water purified by reverse osmosis followed by a remineralization process. RO filtration strips the water of harmful chemicals and sediment, but it also removes beneficial minerals. Remineralizing the water ensures it contains essential minerals like calcium, magnesium, and potassium, which the body needs. Unlike distilled water, which is acidic, remineralized reverse osmosis water has a balanced pH, making it the purest and healthiest water you can drink.
IS THERE A WAY TO EASILY COMPARE THE DIFFERENT FILTER PROCESSES AND MEDIA?
Comparison table of water filtering options
Unit |
Advantages |
Disadvantages |
Distillation System |
Removes all inorganic salts and destroys bacterial and viral contaminants. Beneficial minerals can be added back to drinking water. |
Requires electrical connection. Some units may concentrate volatile chemicals contaminants. Uses excessive amounts of energy. Creates heat. Output relatively low. |
Activated Granulated Charcoal Filter |
Inexpensive. Removes foul tastes and odors, some carcinogens (cancer-causing agents) and hazardous chemicals (insecticides, chlorine, chloroform, iodine, formaldehyde) |
Can support runaway multiplication of bacteria. May remove symptoms or chemical contaminants without removing the contaminants. Requires sufficient holding time to be effective. Does not remove bacteria, cysts, heavy metal, nitrates, asbestos and other fine particles. |
Carbon Block Filter |
Removes foul taste and odors, most carcinogens and hazardous chemicals, bacteria, cysts, asbestos, and other fine particles. Catalytic carbon will remove hydrogen sulfide as well. Prevents water form "channeling" ensuring proper contact time. |
Does not remove heavy metals, nitrate, and disinfection by-products (DBP's) of chlorine such as trihalomethanes and chloramines. Does not remove hydrogen sulfide. Easily plugged if pre-treatment is inadequate. |
Bacteriostatic Charcoal Filter |
Suppresses growth of bacteria within charcoal bed. |
A same disadvantage of ordinary carbon filters regarding, cysts, heavy metal, nitrates, asbestos and other fine particles. No way of knowing when effectiveness against bacteria is depleted. May add silver to the water. |
Carbon Block Filter with Deionizing Resin |
All of the advantages of carbon block filters above. Will remove most heavy metals as well |
Relatively expensive. Does not remove all DBPs. Can become rapidly depleted if water is high in nitrates and chlorine. Easily plugged if pretreatment is inadequate. |
KDF Redox Filter Media |
One of the most effective means of removing chlorine, chloramines, and other DBPs. Removes heavy metals. Does not remove healthful minerals. Releases beneficial zinc and copper chelates into the water. Renders water Bacteriostatic. |
Relatively expensive. Does not remove bacteria, viruses, cysts, asbestos, and other fine particles. Does not remove all volatile organic chemicals, pesticides or herbicides. |
KDF | Carbon Block System |
Combines all the advantages of carbon block and KDF. Produces water almost as free of harmful contaminants as RO while retaining minerals. Less expensive then RO. Does not waste water. Inexpensive to maintain. |
Does not remove high levels of sodium chloride. If water has high levels of sodium, or other unusual problems, RO with TFC membrane, KDF pretreatment and UV disinfection become the treatments of choice. |
Reverse-Osmosis System |
Removes nitrates, asbestos, Fluorides, sodium and other dissolved salts. Removes heavy metals, chlorine, and DBPs. Can produce high quality drinking water. Minerals can be added back to product water. |
Relatively low output. Can wastelarge amounts of water. Does not work well if water is very cold and pressure is not at least 40 psi or more. Units with cellulose acetate (CA) or cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane may leach dangerous 1,4 dioxane into the water, units with thin-film composite membranes are easily damaged by chlorine so adequate pre-treated with carbon or KDF required. Runaway growth of bacteria in storage tank and carbon post-filters necessitates the use of UV light ahead of tap. |
Ultraviolet Purifiers (UV) |
Effective in destroying bacteria when operating at full efficiency on clean water. High flow capacity. Relatively low power consumption. |
Requires electrical connection. Does not remove chemicals, taste and odors, asbestos, nor any other non-biological contaminants. Efficiency and effectiveness can drop off without warning. Water must be clear with very low turbidity to be effective. |
Ozonization System |
Effective in destroying bacteria, some viruses, and many substances that impart foul tastes and odors to water. Oxidizes iron, manganese and hydrogen sulfide, reducing them to insoluble forms so they can be filtered. Oxidizes many volatile organic chemicals. |
Relatively expensive to install and maintain. Requires electrical connection. Does not remove nitrates, sulfates, or dangerous heavy metals. |